The RVer’s Guide to 50 Amp Generator Power

The RVer’s Guide to 50 Amp Generator Power: Unleashing Full Off-Grid Potential

The open road calls to the RVer, promising freedom, adventure, and stunning vistas far from the constraints of traditional hookups. While many RVers can comfortably manage with 30 amp service, those with larger, amenity-rich rigs often find themselves needing more power. This is where 50 amp RV service comes in, and to truly unlock its potential off-grid, you need the muscle of a 50 amp generator.

For those accustomed to the limitations of smaller power sources, the idea of generating 50 amps can seem daunting. But understanding this powerful capability is key to enjoying all the comforts of home, even when you’re miles from anywhere. This guide will walk you through the ins and outs of 50 amp generator power, helping you understand what it is, why you might need it, how to choose the right one, and how to use it safely.

Understanding RV Power: The Jump to 50 Amp

Most smaller and older RVs are equipped with 30 amp electrical service. This provides a single 120-volt circuit capable of handling approximately 3,600 watts (30 amps x 120 volts). For many, this is sufficient to run basic lights, pumps, and perhaps one air conditioner or a microwave, but rarely both high-draw appliances simultaneously.

50 amp RV service is a significant upgrade. Unlike the single 30 amp circuit, 50 amp service provides two separate 120-volt, 50-amp circuits, often wired together at the panel to provide a total of 12,000 watts (or 12 kW) of potential power (50 amps x 120 volts per leg x 2 legs). This is delivered through a distinctive four-prong plug (NEMA 14-50), which includes two hot wires, a neutral wire, and a ground wire.

The benefit of this dual-leg system is immense. It allows a larger RV to simultaneously power multiple high-demand appliances like two air conditioners, a microwave, a residential refrigerator, and various other devices without tripping breakers. If your RV has two or more AC units, or if you simply want the freedom to run everything you would at a full-hookup site, you likely have or need 50 amp service.

Why You Need a 50 Amp Generator for a 50 Amp RV

If your RV is wired for 50 amp service, you need a generator capable of delivering that level of power if you want to utilize your RV’s full potential off-grid. While you can connect a 50 amp RV to a 30 amp generator using an adapter, you will be limited to the generator’s 30 amp capacity (~3600 watts). This means you’ll likely only be able to run one AC unit and will have to carefully manage your power usage, just like you would with a native 30 amp rig.

A true 50 amp generator, on the other hand, is designed to output enough wattage to replicate the power provided by a 50 amp shore power pedestal. These generators typically provide anywhere from 9,000 to 12,000 or more running watts. This massive power reserve allows you to run both your air conditioners, use the microwave, watch TV, and keep the lights on all at the same time – giving you the ultimate in off-grid comfort.

Think of it this way: a 30 amp generator is like a garden hose; a 50 amp generator is like a fire hose. If your RV needs fire-hose level volume to run all its appliances comfortably, a garden hose just won’t cut it, even if you can physically connect it.

Understanding Generator Power Output (Watts/Kilowatts)

While we talk about "50 amp generators," the critical specification to look at is their power output in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW – 1 kW = 1000W). Generator wattage is usually listed as "running watts" (the power it can sustain continuously) and "starting watts" (a temporary surge needed to start motors like those in AC units).

For a 50 amp RV, you’ll typically need a generator with at least 9,000 running watts, and often closer to 10,000-12,000 running watts, especially if you have two large air conditioners. The generator must be able to handle the combined running wattage of all the appliances you plan to use simultaneously, plus the starting surge of the largest motor (usually one of the AC units).

While 50 amps x 240 volts (the utility standard for 50A service) equals 12,000 watts, RV 50 amp service is typically delivered as two separate 120V legs, each capable of 50 amps. A generator providing ~12,000 watts is designed to mimic this capacity.

Types of 50 Amp Generators

50 amp capable generators come in a few primary forms:

1. Portable Generators: These are standalone units that you place outside the RV.

   • Pros: Versatile (can be used for other purposes), generally less expensive to purchase initially.
   • Cons: Heavy and difficult to move, can be very noisy (especially conventional types), require manual fueling, security risk.

2. Built-in/Onboard Generators: These are installed directly into a compartment in the RV.

   • Pros: Convenience (start with a push of a button, often from inside the RV), integrated into the RV’s fuel system (usually diesel or propane), often quieter, secure.
   • Cons: More expensive upfront, fixed location, maintenance requires access to the compartment.

Within these categories, you also have the distinction between Conventional and Inverter technology.

• Conventional Generators: Use an engine directly connected to an alternator running at a fixed speed. They are often louder and produce "dirty" power with fluctuations that can be harmful to sensitive electronics. While cheaper, they are less common in the 50 amp size for RV use today.
• Inverter Generators: Use advanced electronics to convert the raw AC power into DC, and then invert it back to clean, stable AC power. The engine speed adjusts based on load, making them much quieter and more fuel-efficient. They produce "clean" sine wave power, essential for safely running modern RV electronics, laptops, and sensitive appliances. For 50 amp RVs, inverter generators are highly recommended and increasingly the standard.

Choosing the Right 50 Amp Generator

Selecting the perfect 50 amp generator requires careful consideration:

1. Determine Your Power Needs (Wattage!): This is the most crucial step.

   • List all the appliances you might want to run simultaneously (e.g., two 15,000 BTU ACs, microwave, residential fridge, TV, lights).
   • Find the running wattage for each (check appliance labels or manuals).
   • Add up the running wattage. This gives you a minimum required running watts for the generator.
   • Identify the single appliance with the highest starting wattage (usually an AC unit).
   • Ensure the generator’s starting wattage capacity can handle this surge on top of the running load of other appliances. Most 9,000+ watt generators have ample starting capacity for typical RV loads. When in doubt, size up slightly.

2. Noise Level (Decibels – dB): Generator noise is measured in decibels. Lower dB numbers are quieter. Portable conventional generators can be 70-80+ dB, which is very loud. Built-in and inverter generators are significantly quieter, often in the 50s or low 60s dB range, which is crucial for campground etiquette and your own peace.
3. Fuel Type:

   • Gasoline: Most common for portable. Readily available but requires carrying separate fuel cans.
   • Propane (LP): Common for built-in and some portables. Clean burning, easier to store large quantities in RV tanks, but slightly less power output than gasoline.
   • Diesel: Common for built-in in diesel pusher RVs. Integrated with the vehicle’s fuel, efficient, but loud.
   • Dual Fuel: Offers flexibility (gasoline or propane).

4. Weight and Portability: If choosing portable, consider how you will lift and move it. 50 amp generators are heavy (often 250+ lbs). Wheels are essential.
5. Features: Look for electric start, remote start, fuel gauge, hour meter (for maintenance tracking), GFCI outlets, and a dedicated 50 amp (NEMA 14-50R) receptacle.
6. Budget: Be prepared for a significant investment. 50 amp generators, especially quiet inverter models, cost considerably more than smaller units. Quality often correlates with price and reliability.

Operating Your 50 Amp Generator Safely

Safety is paramount when using a generator:

• Ventilation! NEVER run a generator inside your RV, under an awning, or in any enclosed or partially enclosed space. Generators produce carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless, odorless, deadly gas. Place the generator in a well-ventilventilated area, away from windows, doors, and vents of your RV and neighboring RVs. Consider a CO detector inside your RV.
• Grounding: Many RV-specific generators have a neutral bonded to the ground within the generator, which is appropriate for powering an RV electrical system. Consult your generator’s manual regarding grounding requirements and proper connection methods.
• Proper Connection: Use your RV’s 50 amp power cord to connect directly to the generator’s 50 amp (NEMA 14-50R) outlet.
• Fueling: Turn the generator off and let it cool before refueling. Avoid spills and never smoke near fuel.
• Maintenance: Follow the manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule (oil changes, air filter, spark plug). This ensures reliable operation and longevity.
• Placement: Place the generator on a level, stable surface.

Connecting Your RV

Connecting your 50 amp RV to a 50 amp generator is straightforward:

1. Ensure the generator is off.
2. Plug your RV’s 50 amp shore power cord directly into the generator’s 50 amp (NEMA 14-50R) receptacle.
3. Start the generator according to its instructions.
4. Once the generator is running smoothly, you can turn on the main breaker inside your RV and then individual appliances.

Note on Adapters: You can use a 50 amp female to 30 amp male adapter to power a 30 amp RV, or a 50 amp female to 15 amp adapter to power smaller loads. However, never exceed the amperage limit of the adapter or the device you are plugging into the generator via the adapter (e.g., you can only draw 30 amps through a 30 amp adapter, even if the generator can provide 50 amps).

FAQs

• Can I run my 50 amp RV on a 30 amp generator? Yes, but you will be limited to 30 amps (about 3600 watts) of total power for the entire RV. You will not be able to run multiple high-draw appliances simultaneously.
• Can I run my 30 amp RV on a 50 amp generator? Yes, using a 50 amp female to 30 amp male adapter. However, this is usually overkill, and you are still limited to your RV’s 30 amp capacity.
• How many watts is a 50 amp generator? While 50 amps can potentially deliver 12,000 watts, 50 amp RV generators typically have running wattages between 9,000 and 12,000 watts. Check the specific model’s specifications.
• Are inverter generators worth the extra cost for 50 amp? For RV use, especially with sensitive electronics, yes. The quieter operation and clean power output of inverters are significant advantages at this power level.
• How loud are 50 amp generators? It varies greatly. Conventional generators are much louder (70-80+ dB) than inverter generators (typically 55-65 dB depending on load), or built-in units which are often designed for quieter operation.
• How long can a 50 amp generator run on a tank of fuel? Runtime depends heavily on the generator’s fuel tank size and the power load it’s supporting. Running at full capacity will deplete fuel much faster than running at a quarter load. Check the manufacturer’s runtime specs at specific load percentages.

Conclusion

Stepping up to a 50 amp RV generator is a significant investment, but for owners of larger, feature-rich RVs, it’s the key to unlocking true off-grid comfort and convenience. It provides the power necessary to run multiple air conditioners on a hot day, use the microwave for a quick meal, and enjoy all your appliances simultaneously, just as you would at a full-hookup campsite.

By understanding your RV’s power needs, choosing a generator with sufficient wattage and desirable features like inverter technology and quiet operation, and prioritizing safety in its use and placement, you can confidently power your adventures and extend your stay in remote or undeveloped locations. A well-chosen 50 amp generator transforms your RV into a truly self-sufficient home on wheels, ready for any destination the road less traveled might offer.